Browse existing research summaries on rapamycin and longevity science.
A single-arm, open-label pilot trial in 14 people with early Alzheimer's disease: six months of weekly oral rapamycin was tolerated, but glucose metabolism in the pre-specified brain regions did not change.
Design and rationale for a randomised, placebo-controlled rapamycin trial in healthy middle-aged companion dogs — the first rigorous lifespan-and-healthspan test of a pharmacological ageing intervention in dogs.
An open-label phase 1 pilot trial in ten older adults with mild cognitive impairment or early Alzheimer's dementia: eight weeks of low-dose rapamycin was tolerated without serious events, but the drug was not detectable in cerebrospinal fluid and cognition did not change.
A clinical review of geroscience: which ageing pathways can be modified, and how much human evidence currently supports each intervention.
Reports that rapamycin-induced autophagy and lifespan extension depend on a rise in endogenous spermidine, shown across yeast, worms, flies and mice — a mechanism-level result, not a human outcome.
A narrative review of how mTOR overactivation is proposed to link diet, salt intake and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to insulin resistance and hypertension, and which drugs block that pathway.
Reviews how autophagy behaves in the failing heart across ischaemic, pressure-overload, diabetic and drug-induced models, and whether pharmacologic modulators of autophagy such as rapamycin and metformin protect or harm it.
Reviews the mouse evidence that rapamycin extends lifespan and affects age-related conditions including cardiac function, the nervous system, immunity and cell senescence.
Argues that rapamycin, like fasting and very low-calorie diets, can raise blood glucose in a reversible form that is not the same as type 2 diabetes, and that the drug mostly prevents diabetic complications in animal studies.
A phase 2a randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 264 adults aged 65 and over reports that six weeks of a low-dose two-drug mTOR inhibitor regimen was associated with fewer self-reported infections over the following year and an improved antibody response to influenza vaccination.
In rats doing a resistance-exercise model, rapamycin fully blocked exercise-induced ribosome biogenesis but only partly reduced muscle protein synthesis and the muscle growth produced by four weeks of training.
A review of mTOR biology and rapamycin as an anti-ageing compound argues that many of the drug's side effects are mediated by mTORC2 inhibition and may be separable from its lifespan-extending benefits.
A randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 218 adults aged 65 and over reports that six weeks of low-dose RAD001 improved the antibody response to influenza vaccination and lowered PD-1-positive T cells.
Reviews mTOR inhibition and mammalian longevity, arguing the current evidence best fits lifespan extension mainly through cancer suppression, with symptomatic effects on some ageing traits.
Reviews the overlap between ageing biology and cardiovascular disease, and why age remains the largest risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
A rat and cell study reports that three weeks of chronic sirolimus treatment lowered body weight and fat mass while causing hyperglycaemia, glucose intolerance and skeletal-muscle insulin resistance.
Cell and mouse-cell experiments report that the longevity-linked deacetylase SIRT1 restrains mTOR signalling, apparently by acting through the TSC1/TSC2 brake on mTORC1.
Cell experiments show that rapamycin pushes human vascular smooth muscle cells toward a mature, contractile state by relieving S6K1-dependent inhibition of IRS-1, an effect that depends on IGF-I and on selective activation of the Akt2 isoform.
A Spanish Society of Nephrology consensus review of how the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus is managed in transplant practice, covering its effects on lipids, blood counts, kidney function, lungs and wound healing, with recommendations for each.
